Thursday, January 22, 2009

How Internet Works?

The thing that characterises the Internet is how data transferred from one computer to another. Did you ever wonder what magical things go on behind the scenes that results in a Web page being displayed on your screen seconds after you request it? How does the data get from one side of the world to the other?
Here's what happens to a piece of data (eg. a Web page) when it is transferred over the Internet:
It is broken up into a whole lot of same-sized pieces (called packets).
A header is added to each packet that explains where it came from, where it should end up and how it fits in with the rest of the packets.
Each packet is sent from computer to computer until it finds its way to its destination. Each computer along the way decides where next to send the packet. This could depend on things like how busy the other computers are when the packet was received. The packets may not all take the same route.
At the destination, the packets are examined. If there are any packets missing or damaged, a message is sent asking for those packets to be resent. This continues until all the packets have been received intact.
The packets are reassembled into their original form.

Each computer connected up to the Internet has software called TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) which is responsible for receiving, sending and checking packets. TCP/IP is the 'glue' of the Internet.

Changing the Case

In MS word Some time Caps lock remain on and you keep on typing as a result everything typed in capital letters. You can make it in normal case by following the method 
Select the offending text 
Choose Format + Change Case + Sentence Case. 
                        Or
Press Shift+F3 till you get the right caps.
Note: Some time, you have to be more careful for the nouns and other thing you need in appropriate case.

Effective way of Googling:

How Google searches when you give a phrase?
Google places “AND” operator between all search terms entered in the basic search box.
Automatically searched for some Plural/Singular and Grammatical variants.

Ex: If you enter NEWS READER

Then google searches: news AND reader OR reader.
Doesn’t searches for the exact phrase

Suppose if you search for CSC India then it will give all the pages which contain CSC and INDIA

If you want to search for the exact phrase then you need to put that in the QUOTES.
Suppose if you search for CSC India in Quotes then it will give all the pages which contain only CSC India.

Doc to PDF Simple One!!!!

Generally to convert any doc into pdf format we need a pdf converter s/w.
Instead,u can just use this link….

http://www.doc2pdf.net/converter/

Just browse the doc that u would like to convert…..and click convert button…..
Now u get the doc in the pdf format….now use “save as…” to save the pdf copy of the selected file in ur local machine.

No installation required to convert documents from doc to PDF. Use the link to convert your doc into a PDF.

Can use Notepad as a Virtual Dairy:

This is real cool tip for people who use notepad to write down any info on a day to day basis... In Notepad * Open a notepad and type '.LOG' (Dot followed by LOG, CASE SENSITIVE) as the first line of the file. * Save and close the file . * Double-click the file to open it and notice that Notepad appends the current date and time to the end of the file and places the cursor on the next line. * Type your notes and then save and close the file. *Each time you open the file, Notepad repeats the process, appending the time and date to the end of the file and placing the cursor below it It simply serves as a virtual diary!!!

What is my access to this Database:

This how you need to figure out which of those various access levels you have, when you open a database.

Near the bottom right corner of Lotus Notes, you should see a status bar button for "Security".



Open any Notes database, and you should see the icon on the Security button display either for Manager, for Editor, for Author, or for reader.

If you click on the button you will be presented a dialog box that provides more detail about your current access level, including details about how Lotus Notes determined what level you have. In some cases your access might be based on your name, and in others your membership in a particular group.

Wednesday, January 21, 2009

Type out a table in word:

You can create tables in Microsoft Word by simply typing out a string of PLUS SIGNS (+) and MINUS SIGNS (-).
Start the row with a PLUS SIGN (+) and then type MINUS SIGN (-) until you have the column width you want. To add a new column type PLUS SIGN (+) again. When you're done type a final PLUS SIGN (+) and press ENTER. Word turns your text into a table. To add more rows to your table, move to the last cell in the table and press TAB.

Monday, January 19, 2009

Bracket Pricing:

A price schedule based on the number of cases that a retailer orders the greater the quantity ordered, the lower the price per case. It is also called a volume or quantity discount.

Adding Horizontal dividers in Word:

To add a variety of horizontal dividers in Word, type three characters and press enter.

Hyphens ( --- )
Underscores ( ___ )
Equal Signs ( === )
Hash Signs ( ### )
Asterisks ( *** )
Tildes ( ~~~ )

Thursday, January 15, 2009

Import Text from Word or Notepad into PPT:

You can import text from Word or even Notepad (or any text editor) to create a new presentation. This is called importing an outline. Follow these steps to create the outline:
1. Open a Word or Notepad document.
2. Type the content if you haven't already done so, following the guidelines below.
3. Make sure each line, whether for a slide title or bulleted text, is on its own line. There should be no blank lines, because these come in as blank slides!
4. Before each line of bulleted text, insert a tab.
5. To create 2nd-level bulleted text, insert two tabs.
6. Save the file as a .doc or .txt file.
Here's an example:

To use the outline, follow these steps:
Start a new presentation.
1. Choose File > Open.
2. From the Files of Type drop-down list, choose All Outlines.
3. Find your file, select it, and click Open.
That's it! Your presentation is created! Here's an example. The only change I made was to use the Title Slide layout for the first slide.

As you can see, the text comes in the appropriate size, according to the slide master.
You can also insert an outline into an existing presentation. Perhaps you have some content that you want to use for just a couple of slides. Follow these steps:
1. On the Outline tab of the Outline pane, click the slide you want the outline content to appear after.
2. Choose insert > Slides from Outline.
3. Select your outline file and click Insert.

Wednesday, January 14, 2009

Bill of Lading:

A bill of lading (sometimes referred to as a BOL,or B/L) is a document issued by a carrier, e.g. a ship's master or by a company's shipping department, acknowledging that specified goods have been received on board as cargo for conveyance to a named place for delivery to the consignee who is usually identified. A through bill of lading involves the use of at least two different modes of transport from road, rail, air, and sea.

Types of Bill:

Straight Bill of Lading - This bill states that the goods are consigned to a specified person and it is not negotiable free from existing equities, i.e. any endorsee acquires no better rights than those held by the endorser. It is also known as a non-negotiable bill of lading.
Order Bill of Lading - This bill uses express words to make the bill negotiable, e.g. it states that delivery is to be made to the further order of the consignee using words such as "delivery to A Ltd. or to order or assigns". Consequently, it can be endorsed by A Ltd. or the right to take delivery can be transferred by physical delivery of the bill accompanied by adequate evidence of A Ltd.'s intention to transfer. It is also known as a negotiable bill of lading.
Bearer Bill of Lading - This bill states that delivery shall be made to whosoever holds the bill. Such bill may be created explicitly or it is an order bill that fails to nominate the consignee whether in its original form or through an endorsement in blank. A bearer bill can be negotiated by physical delivery.
Surrender Bill of Lading - Under a term import documentary credit the bank releases the documents on receipt from the negotiating bank but the importer does not pay the bank until the maturity of the draft under the relative credit. This direct liability is called Surrender Bill of Lading (SBL), i.e. when we hand over the bill of lading we surrender title to the goods and our power of sale over the goods.

Monday, January 12, 2009

Hiding Cells before printing in Excel:

Hiding a column(s) and/or row(s):

To hide a column(s), select it and press Ctrl+0.
To hide a row(s), select it and press Ctrl+9.

Hide values/text within the cells:

Change the font color to white.

To hide numbers:

Use Custom Formatting, for example, to eliminate the display of negative figures,
type "#,##0 ; ; ".

To hide areas:

Insert a white text box with clear borders; select Insert -> Text Box (in Text Group).

Sunday, January 11, 2009

Ethernet:

We can classify network technologies as belonging to one of two basic groups. Local area network (LAN) technologies connect many devices that are relatively close to each other, usually in the same building. The library terminals that display book information would connect over a local area network. Wide area network (WAN) technologies connect a smaller number of devices that can be many kilometers apart. For example, if two libraries at the opposite ends of a city wanted to share their book catalog information, they would most likely make use of a wide area network technology, which could be a dedicated line leased from the local telephone company, intended solely to carry their data.
In comparison to WANs, LANs are faster and more reliable, but improvements in technology continue to blur the line of demarcation. Fiber optic cables have allowed LAN technologies to connect devices tens of kilometers apart, while at the same time greatly improving the speed and reliability of WANs.
Ethernet is a local area technology, with networks traditionally operating within a single building, connecting devices in close proximity. At most, Ethernet devices could have only a few hundred meters of cable between them, making it impractical to connect geographically dispersed locations. Modern advancements have increased these distances considerably, allowing Ethernet networks to span tens of kilometers.
Since a signal on the Ethernet medium reaches every attached node, the destination address is critical to identify the intended recipient of the frame.



For example, in the figure above, when computer B transmits to printer C, computers A and D will still receive and examine the frame. However, when a station first receives a frame, it checks the destination address to see if the frame is intended for itself. If it is not, the station discards the frame without even examining its contents.
The first popular Ethernet medium was a copper coaxial cable known as "thicknet." The maximum length of a thicknet cable was 500 meters. In large building or campus environments, a 500-meter cable could not always reach every network device. A repeater addresses this problem.
Repeaters connect multiple Ethernet segments, listening to each segment and repeating the signal heard on one segment onto every other segment connected to the repeater. By running multiple cables and joining them with repeaters, you can significantly increase your network diameter.

Wednesday, January 7, 2009

Lotus Notes Passwords:

Your Lotus Notes password does not have to be a single word, it can be a sentence.

So instead of some complicated combination of letters and numbers, which you just end up writing down somewhere anyway, choose something important to you. For example, "I love playing tennis", or "I hate having to remember passwords". These will be difficult for someone to guess, but still easy for you to remember.

Tuesday, January 6, 2009

Using Hyperlinks in PPT:

Hyperlinks are a great way to connect your presentation to other slides, presentations, documents, and the Web. You can use hyperlinks for the following:
• To enable you to jump to other slides quickly
• To switch to another presentation
• To open another file, such as a Word document or Excel spreadsheet
• To display a Web page
• To open an e-mail to someone
To create a hyperlink, select an object. It can be an AutoShape (shape), placeholder, or the text itself. If you select text, the text will have an underline and become the hyperlink color in the color scheme (theme colors). Then choose Insert> Hyperlink. (In 2007, Insert tab> Links group> Hyperlink.)
In the Insert Hyperlink dialog box, choose the type of link on the left:
• Existing File or Web Page
• Place in This Document
• Create New Document
• E-mail Address
Then locate the slide or file, enter the Web URL, or enter an e-mail address. Click OK.
Hyperlinks work only in Slide Show view. Always test your hyperlinks.
When you add a hyperlink to a presentation, you must be careful that the target of the hyperlink is available. If you are giving the presentation offsite using a laptop, all the targets need to be on the laptop as well, unless your laptop is actively connected to the Internet. An alternative is to copy Web site documents you think you will need to your laptop and hyperlink to those documents. The advantage is that you don't have to depend on getting a good high speed Internet connection at your offsite location.

Monday, January 5, 2009

BOGO:

• BOGO, an acronym in the retail industry that stands for Buy One Get One. For example, you could say "Buy 1 DVD, Get 1 FREE!"
• BOGO, an acronym in the marketing industry that stands for Buy One GIVE One. For example, you could say "Buy One Meal and Feed a child for a day"

Sunday, January 4, 2009

Radar Chart:

A radar chart, also known as a spider chart or star chart or kiviat diagram, is a two-dimensional chart of three or more quantitative variables represented on axes starting from the same point. The relative position and angle of the axes is uninformative.
Radar charts are usually used to compare performance of different entities on a same set of axes.
A radar chart is a graphical display of the differences between actual and ideal performance. It is useful for defining performance and identifying strengths and weaknesses.

Thursday, January 1, 2009

New Year:

The New Year is an event that happens when a culture celebrates the end of one year and the beginning of the next year. Cultures that measure yearly calendars all have New Year celebrations.
In countries governed by the Gregorian calendar, the celebration of New Year is celebrated on January 1, the date that is considered the most festive of them. The Gregorian calendar is now used by many countries as the official calendar. This has meant that celebrations for the New Year have become much larger than before. Some countries even consider 1 January to be a national holiday.
At present, the celebration of New Year is a major event in the world. Major events are held in major cities around the world New Year's Eve (New Year's Eve for the December 31), being accompanied by the largest fireworks events.
Because of the division of the globe into time zones, the New Year moves progressively around the globe as the start of the day ushers in the New Year. The first time zone to usher in the New Year is just west of the International Date Line. At that time the time zone to the east of the Date Line is 23 hours behind, still in the previous day. The central Pacific Ocean island nation of Kiribati claims that its easternmost landmass, uninhabited Caroline Island, is the first to usher in the New Year.